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Neurologie und Mitochondriopathien
 
Chronisch progressive externe Ophthalmoplegie
(CPEO, mt-tRNA-Leu(UUR), MIM 590050; mt-tRNA Ile, MIM 590045; mt-tRNA Leu(CUN), MIM 590055; mt-tRNA Ala, MIM 590000; mt-tRNA Asn, MIM 590010)
Kearns-Sayre-Syndrom inkl. Pearson Syndrom
(KSS, mt-DNA Deletionen, mt-tRNA-Leu(UUR), MIM 590050)
Leber'sche hereditäre Opticus Neuropathie
(LHON, ND1, MIM 516000; ND2, MIM 516001; mt-CO1, MIM 516030; mt-ATP6, MIM 516060; mt-CO3, MIM 516050; ND4L, MIM 516004; ND5, MIM 516005; ND6, MIM 516006; mt-CYB, MIM 516020)
Leigh-Syndrom
(nekrotisierende Enzephalomyelopathie, LS, SURF1, MIM 185620; ATP6-Synthase, MIM 516060; mt-tRNA(Val), MIM 590105)
Musculäre Dystrophie Duchenne/Becker
(Dystrophin-Gen, MIM 310200)
Myoklonische Epilepsie, Stroke-like episodes, Lactatazidose
(MELAS, mt-tRNA Leu (UUR) MIM 590050; mt-tRNA Val, MIM 590105; mt-tRNA Val, 590105; mt-tRNA Phe, MIM 590070; ND1, MIM 516000; ND2, MIM 515001; ND4, MIM 515003; ND5, MIM 516004; mt-CO3, MIM 516050; mt-CYB, MIM 516020)
Myoklonische Epilepsie, red ragged fibers
(MERRF, mt-tRNA Lys, MIM 590060)
Neuropathie, Ataxie und Retinitis Pigmentosa
(NARP, mt-ATP6, MIM 516060)
Pearson Syndrom
(Sideroblastische Anämie, Marrow-Pancreas Syndrom, mtND4, MIM 516003; mtND5 516005)
Spinale und Bulbare Muskuläre Atrophie SMAX1
(Kennedys Disease, Androgenrezeptor-Gen, CAG-Repeat, SMA, MIM313200)